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Mongolia vs Republic of Korea

30 metrics with data for both countries. The solid line is Mongolia; the dashed grey line is Republic of Korea.

Country A · Mongolia
Country B · Republic of Korea

Climate

CO2 emissions

Mongolia: 44.7 Mt CO2/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 583.7 Mt CO2/year · 2024
02004006001960198020002020Republic of Koreahigh 2019

Carbon dioxide released each year from burning fossil fuels and industry. The main driver of global warming. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

CO2 emissions per person

Mongolia: 12.9 t CO2/person/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 11.3 t CO2/person/year · 2024
0510151960198020002020Republic of Koreahigh 2013

Each person's share of their country's yearly CO2 emissions. A fairer way to compare countries of very different sizes. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

Temperature anomaly

Mongolia: 0.80 °C vs 1991-2020 · 2025Republic of Korea: 0.99 °C vs 1991-2020 · 2025
-20219401960198020002020Republic of Koreahigh 2007low 1969

How much warmer or cooler a country's year was compared with its 1991-2020 average. Watch the map turn red as you move the slider towards today. Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5) via Our World in Data

Methane emissions

Mongolia: 42.4 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 39.7 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
020401850190019502000Republic of Koreahigh 2023

Methane traps around 80 times more heat than CO2 over 20 years. It comes mainly from livestock, rice, landfill and leaky fossil fuel infrastructure. Global Carbon Project / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

All greenhouse gases

Mongolia: 98.2 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 630.6 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
02004006001850190019502000Republic of Koreahigh 2023low 1947

Every warming gas combined: CO2, methane and nitrous oxide, expressed as CO2-equivalents. Jones et al. / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

Nitrous oxide emissions

Mongolia: 14.8 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 13.7 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
010201850190019502000Republic of Korea

N2O is nearly 300 times more warming than CO2 and comes mostly from fertilised farmland and livestock. Jones et al. / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

Consumption-based CO2

Mongolia: 36.6 Mt CO2/year · 2023Republic of Korea: 708.9 Mt CO2/year · 2023
05001990200020102020Republic of Koreahigh 2013low 1994

CO2 counted where goods are used rather than where they are made. Compare with production emissions to see who imports their footprint. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

Aviation emissions per person

Mongolia: 38.2 kg CO2/person/year · 2018Republic of Korea: 285.4 kg CO2/person/year · 2024
0100200300201320142015201620172018Republic of Korea

Each person's share of the CO2 from flights taking off in their country, including passengers and freight. ICCT / Graver et al. via Our World in Data

Energy

Energy use per person

Mongolia: 19,675 kWh/person/year · 2023Republic of Korea: 69,922 kWh/person/year · 2024
020k40k60k19801990200020102020Republic of Korealow 1997

How much energy each person uses in a year, across electricity, transport, heating and industry. Energy Institute / Ember via Our World in Data

Solar electricity

Mongolia: 2.17 % of electricity · 2025Republic of Korea: 6.05 % of electricity · 2025
0246200020052010201520202025Republic of Koreahigh 2022

The share of a country's electricity generated from solar panels. The fastest-growing energy source in history. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Wind electricity

Mongolia: 5.57 % of electricity · 2025Republic of Korea: 0.58 % of electricity · 2025
05200020052010201520202025Republic of Koreahigh 2021

The share of a country's electricity generated from wind turbines, onshore and offshore. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Coal electricity

Mongolia: 85.8 % of electricity · 2025Republic of Korea: 31.1 % of electricity · 2025
050100200020052010201520202025Republic of Korealow 2021

The share of electricity still generated by burning coal, the most polluting fuel. The number that must reach zero first. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Oil electricity

Mongolia: 5.88 % of electricity · 2025Republic of Korea: 0.95 % of electricity · 2025
0102030200020052010201520202025Republic of Koreahigh 2024

The share of a country's electricity generated by burning oil. Rare on big grids, still common on islands. Ember via Our World in Data

Gas electricity

Mongolia: 0.00 % of electricity · 2025Republic of Korea: 27.9 % of electricity · 2025
0102030200020052010201520202025Republic of Korea

The share of a country's electricity generated from natural gas, the least polluting fossil fuel but still a fossil fuel. Ember via Our World in Data

Land & Life

Tree cover loss

Mongolia: 2,705 ha/year · 2024Republic of Korea: 15,595 ha/year · 2024
050k2005201020152020Republic of Koreahigh 2009low 2022

Forest area lost each year to fire, logging, farming and storms. Not all loss is permanent deforestation, but the trend matters. Global Forest Watch (Hansen/UMD) via Our World in Data

Forest area

Mongolia: 9.10 % of land · 2025Republic of Korea: 64.3 % of land · 2025
02040601990200020102020Republic of Korealow 2015

How much of a country's land is covered by forest. FAO via Our World in Data

Deaths from natural disasters

Mongolia: 12.0 deaths/year · 2021Republic of Korea: 0.00 deaths/year · 2021
010020030020002005201020152020Republic of Koreahigh 2008low 2004

People killed by floods, storms, droughts, heatwaves, earthquakes and other disasters each year. Single events dominate single years. IHME Global Burden of Disease via Our World in Data

Red List Index

Mongolia: 0.95 index (1 = species safe) · 2024Republic of Korea: 0.68 index (1 = species safe) · 2024
00.51200020102020Republic of Korealow 2018

Tracks extinction risk across all assessed species. 1 means no species at risk; falling values mean wildlife sliding towards extinction. IUCN / SDG 15.5.1 via Our World in Data

Protected land

Mongolia: 19.8 % of land area · 2024Republic of Korea: 17.4 % of land area · 2024
01020201420162018202020222024Republic of Korea

The share of a country's land under legal protection for nature. The global 30x30 target aims for 30% by 2030. World Bank / UNEP-WCMC via Our World in Data

Meat supply per person

Mongolia: 136.1 kg/person/year · 2023Republic of Korea: 84.0 kg/person/year · 2023
050100150198020002020Republic of Korealow 2006

Meat available for consumption per person. Livestock drives around 15% of global emissions and most deforestation. FAO via Our World in Data

Nitrogen fertiliser use

Mongolia: 47.2 kg N/ha of cropland · 2023Republic of Korea: 139.8 kg N/ha of cropland · 2023
0100200197019801990200020102020Republic of Koreahigh 2022low 2019

Nitrogen applied per hectare of cropland. It feeds half the world, but runoff chokes rivers and coastal seas. FAO via Our World in Data

Urban population

Mongolia: 71.1 % living in cities · 2025Republic of Korea: 81.2 % living in cities · 2025
0501960198020002020Republic of Korea

The share of people living in towns and cities. Urbanisation shapes energy use, land use and how people experience climate change. UN World Urbanization Prospects via Our World in Data

Water

Water stress

Mongolia: 3.40 % of renewable resources withdrawn · 2022Republic of Korea: 85.2 % of renewable resources withdrawn · 2022
05020002005201020152020Republic of Koreahigh 2009low 2015

How much of a country's renewable freshwater is withdrawn each year. Above 25% counts as stressed; above 100% means drawing down reserves. FAO AQUASTAT (SDG 6.4.2) via Our World in Data

Renewable water per person

Mongolia: 10,135 m³/person/year · 2022Republic of Korea: 1,255 m³/person/year · 2022
010k20k30k198020002020Republic of Korea

Each person's share of the country's renewable freshwater. Below 1,700 m³ is water stress; below 1,000 m³ is scarcity. FAO AQUASTAT via Our World in Data

Safely managed drinking water

Mongolia: 43.4 % of population · 2024Republic of Korea: 99.3 % of population · 2024
05010020002005201020152020Republic of Korea

The share of people with safe drinking water at home, available when needed and free from contamination. WHO/UNICEF JMP via Our World in Data

Annual precipitation

Mongolia: 246.0 mm/year · 2025Republic of Korea: 1,270 mm/year · 2025
05001k1.5k19401960198020002020Republic of Koreahigh 1946low 2022

Total rain and snow that fell over a country in a year, averaged across its land area. Copernicus Climate Change Service (ERA5) via Our World in Data

Rainfall anomaly

Mongolia: -16.4 % vs 1961-1990 · 2025Republic of Korea: -3.40 % vs 1961-1990 · 2025
-5005019401960198020002020Republic of Koreahigh 1946low 2022

How much wetter (teal) or drier (brown) a country's year was compared with its 1961-1990 average. A simple drought and deluge signal. Derived from Copernicus ERA5 precipitation via Our World in Data

Safely managed sanitation

Mongolia: 69.9 % of population · 2024Republic of Korea: 99.3 % of population · 2024
05010020002005201020152020Republic of Korea

The share of people whose toilet waste is safely treated rather than left to contaminate water and soil. WHO/UNICEF JMP via Our World in Data

Pollution

Air pollution (PM2.5)

Mongolia: 38.2 µg/m³ annual mean · 2024Republic of Korea: 21.0 µg/m³ annual mean · 2024
0204020002005201020152020Republic of Koreahigh 2021low 1999

Average exposure to fine particles small enough to enter the bloodstream. The WHO guideline is 5 µg/m³. World Bank / van Donkelaar et al. via Our World in Data

Ozone-depleting substances

Mongolia: 0.18 ODP tonnes/year · 2021Republic of Korea: 1,053 ODP tonnes/year · 2021
020k40k1990200020102020Republic of Koreahigh 1998low 2020

Consumption of chemicals that destroy the ozone layer. Watch the map fade towards zero: the Montreal Protocol is the world's most successful environmental treaty. UN Environment Programme via Our World in Data