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Mongolia vs Taiwan

19 metrics with data for both countries. The solid line is Mongolia; the dashed grey line is Taiwan.

Country A · Mongolia
Country B · Taiwan

Climate

CO2 emissions

Mongolia: 44.7 Mt CO2/year · 2024Taiwan: 262.3 Mt CO2/year · 2024
01002003001960198020002020Taiwanhigh 2019

Carbon dioxide released each year from burning fossil fuels and industry. The main driver of global warming. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

CO2 emissions per person

Mongolia: 12.9 t CO2/person/year · 2024Taiwan: 11.3 t CO2/person/year · 2024
0510151960198020002020Taiwanhigh 2013

Each person's share of their country's yearly CO2 emissions. A fairer way to compare countries of very different sizes. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

Methane emissions

Mongolia: 42.4 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Taiwan: 15.5 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
020401850190019502000Taiwanhigh 2023

Methane traps around 80 times more heat than CO2 over 20 years. It comes mainly from livestock, rice, landfill and leaky fossil fuel infrastructure. Global Carbon Project / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

All greenhouse gases

Mongolia: 98.2 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Taiwan: 283.5 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
01002003001850190019502000Taiwanhigh 2023low 1947

Every warming gas combined: CO2, methane and nitrous oxide, expressed as CO2-equivalents. Jones et al. / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

Nitrous oxide emissions

Mongolia: 14.8 Mt CO2e/year · 2024Taiwan: 5.73 Mt CO2e/year · 2024
0510151850190019502000Taiwan

N2O is nearly 300 times more warming than CO2 and comes mostly from fertilised farmland and livestock. Jones et al. / PRIMAP via Our World in Data

Consumption-based CO2

Mongolia: 36.6 Mt CO2/year · 2023Taiwan: 294.8 Mt CO2/year · 2023
01002003001990200020102020Taiwanhigh 2013low 1994

CO2 counted where goods are used rather than where they are made. Compare with production emissions to see who imports their footprint. Global Carbon Budget via Our World in Data

Aviation emissions per person

Mongolia: 38.2 kg CO2/person/year · 2018Taiwan: 320.7 kg CO2/person/year · 2018
0100200300201320142015201620172018Taiwan

Each person's share of the CO2 from flights taking off in their country, including passengers and freight. ICCT / Graver et al. via Our World in Data

Energy

Energy use per person

Mongolia: 19,675 kWh/person/year · 2023Taiwan: 54,013 kWh/person/year · 2024
020k40k60k19801990200020102020Taiwanlow 1997

How much energy each person uses in a year, across electricity, transport, heating and industry. Energy Institute / Ember via Our World in Data

Solar electricity

Mongolia: 2.17 % of electricity · 2025Taiwan: 5.44 % of electricity · 2025
024200020052010201520202025Taiwanhigh 2022

The share of a country's electricity generated from solar panels. The fastest-growing energy source in history. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Wind electricity

Mongolia: 5.57 % of electricity · 2025Taiwan: 4.16 % of electricity · 2025
05200020052010201520202025Taiwanhigh 2021

The share of a country's electricity generated from wind turbines, onshore and offshore. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Coal electricity

Mongolia: 85.8 % of electricity · 2025Taiwan: 36.3 % of electricity · 2025
050100200020052010201520202025Taiwanlow 2021

The share of electricity still generated by burning coal, the most polluting fuel. The number that must reach zero first. Ember / Energy Institute via Our World in Data

Oil electricity

Mongolia: 5.88 % of electricity · 2025Taiwan: 1.60 % of electricity · 2025
01020200020052010201520202025Taiwanhigh 2024

The share of a country's electricity generated by burning oil. Rare on big grids, still common on islands. Ember via Our World in Data

Gas electricity

Mongolia: 0.00 % of electricity · 2025Taiwan: 48.8 % of electricity · 2025
02040200020052010201520202025Taiwan

The share of a country's electricity generated from natural gas, the least polluting fossil fuel but still a fossil fuel. Ember via Our World in Data

Land & Life

Tree cover loss

Mongolia: 2,705 ha/year · 2024Taiwan: 3,681 ha/year · 2024
050k2005201020152020Taiwanhigh 2009low 2022

Forest area lost each year to fire, logging, farming and storms. Not all loss is permanent deforestation, but the trend matters. Global Forest Watch (Hansen/UMD) via Our World in Data

Forest area

Mongolia: 9.10 % of land · 2025Taiwan: 67.0 % of land · 2015
02040601990200020102020Taiwanlow 2015

How much of a country's land is covered by forest. FAO via Our World in Data

Meat supply per person

Mongolia: 136.1 kg/person/year · 2023Taiwan: 91.5 kg/person/year · 2023
050100150198020002020Taiwanlow 2006

Meat available for consumption per person. Livestock drives around 15% of global emissions and most deforestation. FAO via Our World in Data

Nitrogen fertiliser use

Mongolia: 47.2 kg N/ha of cropland · 2023Taiwan: 159.6 kg N/ha of cropland · 2023
0100200197019801990200020102020Taiwanhigh 2022low 2019

Nitrogen applied per hectare of cropland. It feeds half the world, but runoff chokes rivers and coastal seas. FAO via Our World in Data

Urban population

Mongolia: 71.1 % living in cities · 2025Taiwan: 78.9 % living in cities · 2025
0501960198020002020Taiwan

The share of people living in towns and cities. Urbanisation shapes energy use, land use and how people experience climate change. UN World Urbanization Prospects via Our World in Data

Pollution

Air pollution (PM2.5)

Mongolia: 38.2 µg/m³ annual mean · 2024Taiwan: 16.6 µg/m³ annual mean · 2024
0204020002005201020152020Taiwanhigh 2021low 1999

Average exposure to fine particles small enough to enter the bloodstream. The WHO guideline is 5 µg/m³. World Bank / van Donkelaar et al. via Our World in Data